Hello,

I came across a research paper (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224652183_An_Approach_to_the_Determination_of_the_Phase_Center_of_Vivaldi-Based_UWB_Antenna) that states the stability of phase centre depends on the co and cross pol (for UWB Antenna). There are plots of E-field, H-field and 3D space showing variation of phase center as a function of co and cross pol. Although there are plots which do seem quite convincing but I could not get insight on why or through which relation has the calculation been done;

I have the following questions:

1. Is there any other way through which stability of phase center of UWB antenna could be characterized?

2. Which type of antenna is best suited for angle of arrival estimation? Does the polarization of antenna affect the AoA? ...

(my thoughts on this: Could we possibly use circularly polarized antenna because of stable phase center? But again, I am not sure if phase center has something to do with the AoA estimation or not. Also, if we use the approach of co and cross pol for determining the stability of phase center, then any linearly polarized antenna with low cross pol should be good enough??)

3. How many minimum number of antennas do we need if we want to measure the angle of arrival in both azimuth and theta plane? Or do we just measure the AoA in one plane always?

PS: If some of the above points (or all of them) do not make any sense, please feel free to provide your opinion because I currently do not have sufficient practical know how of UWB Antenna characterization.

Also, please feel free to share links/ relevant documents, I would be glad to read them!

Many Thanks!!

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