Hydrophobicity and charge calculations

Hello,

I try to visualize surface hydrophobicity and charge distribution. When I use "Receptor-Ligand Interactions" -> "View Interactions" -> "Display receptor surfaces" -> "Hydrophobicity" or "Charge", the color bar of hydrophobicity or charge shows -3 to 3 or -0.1 to 0.1.

1. What are the units for hydrophobicity and charge?
2. What methods does the software use to calculate hydrophobicity and charge?
3. Which papers should I cite if I use these functions for my academic research paper?

I tried to find the information on the web pages but could not find it. Thank you for your support.