I'm analyzing a large lattice structure composed mainly ofsteel angle. Some members are bolted with a single bolt at each end(hinged in one direction), while others are bolted with 2 bolts ateach end or welded (rigid end condition).

I've had all kinds of issues getting this model set up correctly inCosmos Works because there is no way to determine direction 1 anddirection 2 for an angle cross section. I've found a very longwork-around to determine which is direction 1 and 2, but it turnsout not to make any difference in the results - the results can'tbe correct. Then I tried just using the plain hinged end condition(direction 1 and 2) for members that are bolted with a single boltat each end, but again the results don't change at all. And when Ilook at the bending moment diagrams for those beam, they arecarrying a moment. Shouldn't a hinged end condition prevent thebeam from carrying a moment?

Then I tried making all the members with single bolted ends intotruss members (although I don't see what the difference is betweena truss and a beam with hinged end condition). The results changedonly slightly and surprisingly (suspiciously) resultantdisplacement decreased. But again when I look at the bending momentdiagrams for the truss members, they are carrying a moment.

Am I missing something here? How can a truss (or beam with hingedends) carry a moment? Shouldn't they be 2 force members (tension orcompression only)? Has anyone else come across this?

Thanks,
AdamSolidworksSimulation