A gear ratio of 1:4 means the input gear(also known as the driver gear) 
has one-fourth as many teeth as the output gear (it's also known as the driven gear).

In other words, for every revolution of an input gear, there is an output gear 
that will make four revolutions. The results of an output gear turning at a faster speed than the input gear, but with less torque.

The gear ratios are commonly used in mechanical systems such as automobiles, bicycles, industrial
machinery, and many more to transfer the power and torque from one rotating component to another 
component. By changing the size of gears or the number of teeth on each teeth, it will form different gear ratios to achieve and optimize the performance of the system for specific tasks or for different operating conditions.

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Edu ​​​​​​​