Aerodynamic Behavior of a FIFA-Standard Football Using CFD: Rotating vs Non-Rotating

This simulations represents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of a FIFA-standard football to investigate how spin affects aerodynamic forces like drag and lift. In this project, I conducted a high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to analyze the aerodynamic behavior of a FIFA-standard football under both rotating and non-rotating conditions. The aim was to understand how surface design and spin influence the ball's trajectory by examining key aerodynamic forces — namely lift and drag.

Simulation Highlights:

  • Model: FIFA-standard football (diameter: 0.22 m)
  • Software: Dassault Systems 3DEXPERIENCE – Fluid Dynamics Engineer Role

Cases studied:

  • Non-Rotating Ball (Knuckleball): Unsteady wake & slight downward lift.
  • Rotating Ball (Spin Applied): Clear Magnus effect with upward lift & curved trajectory.

3D Model:- 
 

Key Observations:

  •  Non-Rotating Case: Exhibits unsteady, asymmetric vortex shedding — leading to a fluttery or unpredictable flight path (like in a knuckleball).
  • Rotating Case: Demonstrates the Magnus effect — producing lift in the spin direction, curving the ball in flight.
  • Lift and Drag Forces: Tracked over time using surface force extraction and plotted against simulation increments.

    Roles Used for the following simulation are:- 

    1. Fluid Model Creation

    2. Fluid Scenario Creation

1. For Non-Rotating Ball

Scenario Properties 

Velocity

Velocity Vectors

For Rotating Ball:-

Scenario Properties

Velocity

Velocity vectors

Edu 3DEXPERIENCE